A computer cluster is a group of loosely coupled computers that work together closely so that in many respects they can be viewed as though they are a single computer। The components of a cluster are commonly, but not always, connected to each other through fast local area networks। Clusters are usually deployed to improve performance and/or availability over that provided by a single computer, while typically being much more cost-effective than single computers of comparable speed or availability.
High-availability (HA) clusters
High-availability clusters (also known as failover clusters) are implemented primarily for the purpose of improving the availability of services which the cluster provides. They operate by having redundant nodes, which are then used to provide service when system components fail. The most common size for an HA cluster is two nodes, which is the minimum requirement to provide redundancy. HA cluster implementations attempt to manage the redundancy inherent in a cluster to eliminate single points of failure.
There are many commercial implementations of High-Availability clusters for many operating systems। The Linux-HA project is one commonly used free software HA package for the Linux OSs.
Load-balancing clusters
High-availability (HA) clusters
High-availability clusters (also known as failover clusters) are implemented primarily for the purpose of improving the availability of services which the cluster provides. They operate by having redundant nodes, which are then used to provide service when system components fail. The most common size for an HA cluster is two nodes, which is the minimum requirement to provide redundancy. HA cluster implementations attempt to manage the redundancy inherent in a cluster to eliminate single points of failure.
There are many commercial implementations of High-Availability clusters for many operating systems। The Linux-HA project is one commonly used free software HA package for the Linux OSs.
Load-balancing clusters
Load-balancing clusters operate by having all workload come through one or more load-balancing front ends, which then distribute it to a collection of back end Platform LSF HPC, Sun Grid Engine, Moab Cluster Suite and Maui Cluster Scheduler। The Linux Virtual Server project provides one commonly used free software package for the Linux OS.
Technologies
MPI is a widely-available communications library that enables parallel programs to be written in C, Fortran, Python, OCaml, and many other programming languages.
The GNU/Linux world sports various cluster software; for application clustering, there is Beowulf, distcc, and MPICH. Linux Virtual Server, Linux-HA - director-based clusters that allow incoming requests for services to be distributed across multiple cluster nodes. MOSIX, openMosix, Kerrighed, OpenSSI are full-blown clusters integrated into the kernel that provide for automatic process migration among homogeneous nodes. OpenSSI, openMosix and Kerrighed are single-system image implementations.
Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 based on the Windows Server platform provides pieces for High Performance Computing like the Job Scheduler, MSMPI library and management tools. NCSA's recently installed Lincoln is a cluster of 450 Dell PowerEdge™ 1855 blade servers running Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003. This cluster debuted at #130 on the Top500 list in June 2006.
DragonFly BSD, a recent fork of FreeBSD 4.8, is being redesigned at its core to enable native clustering capabilities. It also aims to achieve single-system image capabilities.
The GNU/Linux world sports various cluster software; for application clustering, there is Beowulf, distcc, and MPICH. Linux Virtual Server, Linux-HA - director-based clusters that allow incoming requests for services to be distributed across multiple cluster nodes. MOSIX, openMosix, Kerrighed, OpenSSI are full-blown clusters integrated into the kernel that provide for automatic process migration among homogeneous nodes. OpenSSI, openMosix and Kerrighed are single-system image implementations.
Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 based on the Windows Server platform provides pieces for High Performance Computing like the Job Scheduler, MSMPI library and management tools. NCSA's recently installed Lincoln is a cluster of 450 Dell PowerEdge™ 1855 blade servers running Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003. This cluster debuted at #130 on the Top500 list in June 2006.
DragonFly BSD, a recent fork of FreeBSD 4.8, is being redesigned at its core to enable native clustering capabilities. It also aims to achieve single-system image capabilities.
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